| Abstract | U teoriji i praksi se poduzeća općenito dijele na mala, srednja i velika, ali kriteriji podjele ovise od zemlje do zemlje. Međutim, općeprihvaćena je njihova podjela prema temeljnim kriterijima, i to iznosu prihoda, ukupne aktive te prosječnog broja radnika tijekom poslovne godine. Za mala i srednja poduzeća smatra se da su glavni nositelji novih zapošljavanja, ali i nacionalne inovativnosti i konkurentnosti i upravo njihov sektor ima važno mjesto u gospodarstvu te odlučujuću ulogu u stvaranju radnih mjesta i općenito je čimbenik društvene stabilnosti i razvoja gospodarstva. Dok u velikim poduzećima odgovornost za strateško upravljanje ima cijeli odjel analitičara i kompetentnih menadžera, u malim poduzećima ulogu strateškog menadžera, u pravilu, preuzima vlasnik. U praksi postoji mnoštvo poduzeća s dobro razvijenim strategijama, ali činjenica je da ipak prevladavaju ona koja uopće nemaju nikakav pisani strateški dokument. Zbog toga se nameće važnost strateškog planiranja jer ono može malim i srednjim poduzećima osigurati prednost kod njegovih konkurenata te im omogućiti napredak, rast i razvoj u suočavanju sa sve više dinamičnim i promjenjivim uvjetima okoline. Mala i srednja poduzeća moraju koristiti inovacije i pokušavati ih konstantno unaprjeđivati, a veliki dio njih vidi najveće prepreke u poslovanju u jakoj konkurenciji, ali i slabim potporama države te zakonskim ograničenjima. Iz tog je razloga upravo strateško planiranje jedan od načina, i to vrlo značajnih, za ostvarivanje uspješnosti i razvoja tih poduzeća. Važnost strateškog planiranja očituje se i u njegovoj upotrebi kao alata za evaluaciju, a planirani skup poslovnih ciljeva moguće je postići definiranjem inicijativa procesa strateškog planiranja. Naime, ako se definiraju ciljevi i strategija poduzeća te se postojeći resursi procjene na temelju toga koliko su dobro raspoređeni, velika je mogućnost da će poduzeće iste ciljeve i ostvariti. Stoga su očita očekivanja u vidu sve većeg broja malih i srednjih poduzeća koja će koristiti strateško planiranje i na taj način povećati svoj poslovni uspjeh. |
| Abstract (english) | In theory and practice, companies are generally divided into small, medium and large, but the criteria for division vary from country to country. However, their division according to basic criteria, namely the amount of income, total assets and the average number of workers during the business year, is generally accepted. Small and medium-sized enterprises are considered to be the main carriers of new employment, but also of national innovation and competitiveness, and it is their sector that has an important place in the economy and a decisive role in creating jobs and is generally a factor in social stability and economic development. While in large companies the responsibility for strategic management rests with the entire department of analysts and competent managers, in small companies the role of strategic manager is usually assumed by the owner. In practice, there are many companies with well-developed strategies, but the fact is that there are still those that do not have any written strategic document. This is why the importance of strategic planning is imposed because it can provide small and mediumsized enterprises with an advantage over their competitors and enable them to progress, grow and develop in the face of increasingly dynamic and changing environmental conditions. Small and medium-sized enterprises must use innovations and try to constantly improve them, and a large part of them see the biggest obstacles in business in strong competition, but also weak state support and legal restrictions. For this reason, strategic planning is one of the ways, and a very important one, to achieve the success and development of these companies. The importance of strategic planning is also reflected in its use as an evaluation tool, and the planned set of business goals can be achieved by defining strategic planning process initiatives. Namely, if the goals and strategy of the company are defined and the existing resources are evaluated based on how well they are distributed, there is a high possibility that the company will achieve the same goals. Therefore, there are obvious expectations in the form of an increasing number of small and medium-sized companies that will use strategic planning and thus increase their business success. 36 pages, 11 graphical annex, 34 bibliogra |
